Controlling the polarity of human gastrointestinal organoids to investigate epithelial biology and infectious diseases

Julia Y. Co, Mar Margalef-Català, Denise M. Monack, Manuel R. Amieva

Published: 2021-10-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-021-00607-0

Supplementary information

Supplementary Video 1 Human gastroid polarity reversal . Time-lapse DIC microscopy movie of a gastroid immediately after removal from BME shows that the process of polarity reversal occurs by morphogenetic eversion. The same gastroid was fixed, stained and imaged by 3D confocal microscopy to confirm apical-out polarity (F-actin–rich microvilli (arrow) face outward). Nuclei are stained with DAPI (blue; ThermoFisher Scientific, cat. no. D3571; RRID: AB_2307445), and the actin cytoskeleton is stained with AlexaFluor 660 phalloidin (F-actin, white; ThermoFisher, cat. no. A22285), both diluted 1:500. Scale bar, 10 µm.

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Controlling the polarity of human gastrointestinal organoids to investigate epithelial biology and infectious diseases

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